When is it permitted to force oncoming traffic onto the hard shoulder on the opposite side of the road while overtaking?

When the hard shoulder is wide enough.
When none of the oncoming traffic is overtaking.
When the vehicle being overtaken is driving too slow.
It is not permitted to force oncoming traffic onto the hard shoulder while overtaking.

Explantion: Overtaking in the manner described here is dangerous. You should overtake another vehicle only when it is safe to do so, both for you and for all other traffic. Before you overtake, make sure the road ahead is clear and that you have enough room to complete the overtaking manoeuvre and return to your own side of the road without forcing any other road user to alter speed or course.

Theory Tester

When is it permitted to force oncoming traffic onto the hard shoulder on the opposite side of the road while overtaking?

Managing Risk